Polar Alinment

A German Equatorial mount has an adjustment, sometimes called a wedge, which tilts the mount's polar axis so that it points at the appropriate Celestial Pole (NCP or SCP). Once the mount has been polar aligned, it needs to be rotated around only the polar axis to keep an object centred. Do not reposition the mount base or change the latitude setting. The mount has already been correctly aligned for your geographical location (ie. Latitude), and all remaining telescope pointing is done by rotating the optical tube around the polar (R.A.) and declination axes. A problem for many beginners is recognizing that a polar-aligned equatorial mount acts like an alt-azimuth mount which has been aligned to a celestial pole. The wedge tilts the mount to an angle equal to the observer's Latitude, and therefore it swivels around a plane which parallels the celestial (and Earth's) equator. This is now its "horizon"; but remember that part of the new horizon is usually blocked by the Earth. This new "azimuth" motion is called Right Ascension (R.A). In addition, the mount swivels North(+) and South(-) from the Celestial Equator towards the celestial poles. This plus or minus "altitude" from the celestial equator is called Declination (Dec).